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Technical Debt and Security Debt

  Technical debt (also known as tech debt or code debt) describes what results when development teams take actions to expedite the delivery of a piece of functionality or a project which later needs to be refactored. In other words, it’s the result of prioritizing speedy delivery over perfect code. It is like borrowing money to get something done faster than one typically can. Of course that comes at an interest, which in case of technical debt would be difficulty of managing code, "good" end user experience rather than a "great" experience. Technical debt is not a mess! A mess is a mess.. Technical debt is simply a choice taken to expedite development in response to real project constraints. By extension Security debt is simply an accumulation of security vulnerabilities that have not been addressed time to time. Security debit is a more serious problem as compared to the generic technical debt as it makes the infrastructure susceptible to the attackers. The older ...

GCP - Professional Cloud Security Engineer - Part 1

Cloud DLP 1. Data discovery and classification of (sensitive) data in Cloud Storage, BigQuery and Datastore. 2. Supports "streaming API" to support additional data sources and custom workloads Data identification using "built-in" and "custom" infotypes. Also performs automatic classification, masking, tokenization and transformation of sensitive data elements (such as PII data) Data Catalog To find, curate and use metadata to describe data assets in the cloud. Use Data Catalog to search for data assets and tag the assets with metadata. CMEK - Generate and manage encryption keys using Cloud KMS. Helps to rotate encryption keys regularly CSEK - Create and manage your own encryption keys and then provide to Google Cloud. You need your own BYOK solution. Cloud External Key Manager (Cloud EKM) - This lets you achieve a secure hold-your-own-key (HYOK) model for key management.  Cloud KMS - Software-backed encryption keys or FIPS 140-2 Level 3 validated HSM.  Clo...

Alibaba Cloud Networking Services List

Virtual Private Cloud - Isolated tenant containing IP address range, network segment, route tables and gateway. NAT Gateway - Allows Alibaba ECS instances to be source NAT'd with public IP to communicate on Internet. Cloud Enterprise Network VPN Gateway Express Connect Smart Access Gateway Alibaba Cloud PrivateZone PrivateLink Network Intelligence Services (NIS) Global Traffic Manager CDN and Edge Alibaba Cloud CDN Secure Content Delivery Dynamic CDN Edge Node Service (ENS) Global Accelerator

Amazon EventBridge - Resource-based Policies and Lambda

Refer AWS Documentation here When a rule runs in EventBridge, all of the targets associated with the rule are invoked.  Rules can invoke AWS Lambda functions, publish to Amazon SNS topics or relay the event to Kinesis streams. To make API calls against the resources you own, EventBridge needs appropriate permissions. EventBridge uses Resource-based policies for: 1. Lambda 2. Amazon SNS 3. Amazon SQS 4. Amazon CloudWatch Logs  EventBridge uses Identity-based policies for: Kinesis streams  AWS Lambda Permissions will look something like below: {   "Effect": " Allow ",   "Action": " lambda:InvokeFunction ",   "Resource": "arn:aws:lambda:region:account-id:function:function-name",   "Principal": {     "Service": " events.amazonaws.com "   },   "Condition": {     "ArnLike": {       "AWS:SourceArn": "arn:aws:events:region:account-id:rule/rule-name"     }   },   ...

Kubernetes - Concepts, Components & Use-Cases

Kubernetes (K8s) is an open-source container-orchestration platform for automating application deployment, management and scaling. Concepts 1. Kubernetes uses the concepts of pods - an object that consists of one or more containers which share network namespace 2. Kubernetes automates deploying, scaling and managing containerized application on a group (cluster) of (bare metal or virtual) servers, such as ensuring that in case a container within a pod crashes, it will be restarted. Use case: A developer needs 5 application containers on a host. The way he can do it using docker is type the command: "docker run <application_name>" individually 5 times, to create 5 containers on the host machine. What if a production environment requires 200 containers? If you have an automation script that does run the above command 200 times to create 200 containers, how do you monitor them? How do you ensure the underlying host resources aren't stretched or depleted? K8s to the res...

Container Concepts

Container = Namespaces + CGroups + Layered Filesystem Namespaces A namespace wraps a global system resource in an abstraction that makes it appear to the processes within the namespace that they have their own isolated instance of the global resource. Changes to the global resource are visible to other processes that are members of the namespace but are invisible to other processes. Namespaces limit how much you can see and therefore use: 1. PID 2. Network 3. UTS 4. Mount 5. IPC 6. User CGroups (Control Groups) Control groups are a Linux kernel feature which allows processes to be organized into hierarchical groups whose usage of various types of resources can then be limited and monitored. CGroups limit how much you can use: 1. CPU 2. Memory Layered Filesystem Different files and directory structures are layered in order and on top of each other to be reflected as one directory tree.      Layered Filesystem allows reuse and push/pull deltas. It's an advanced multilayered...

Tejas Jain - GCP Constraints & Random Facts

1.  Google Cloud Interconnect Security Cloud Interconnect does not encrypt the connection between your on-premises network and Google's network. Cloud VPN cannot be used with Dedicated Interconnect For additional security, use application-level encryption or your own VPN 2. While using Cloud CDN, the default time-to-live (TTL) for content caching is 3600 seconds = 60 mins 3. Cloud NAT sends only the translation logs and error logs to Cloud Logging service. 4. GCP Dedicated Interconnect - On Premises network device requirements:     10-Gbps circuits, single mode fiber or 100-Gbps circuits, single mode fiber     IPv4 link local addressing     LACP, even if you are using single circuit     EBGP-4 with multi-hop     802.1Q VLANs 5. While using Cloud VPN, the recommended MTU to be configured on the peer VPN  gateway = 1460 bytes 6. Each instance must have at least one network interface. The maximum number of network instances per ...